Saturday, October 5, 2019

Personal statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 11

Personal Statement Example to return to my country and serve it as an individual who has a graduate level degree and who is prepared to give to the community that which was given to him, positive opportunities. Due to the fact that I speak Arabic, _______, and English (name all of the languages you speak) I am able to perform research in the native language and use primary sources to help the faculty members perform their research. I would like to work with ________ who is a faculty member in the ______ Department and who is researching areas of interest to me, such as: ______________. I am computer literate and I am able to perform research using my methodology skills. I am able to seek primary sources, translate the documents, and develop measurement instruments that will help me obtain data to be analysed and interpreted so that I may conclude and be able to make recommendations based on the findings. I am a person that is able to work as a team member and I am able to be a follower when need be. I have language, computer, and research skills. I am organized, analytical, and I meet deadlines and I am able to work under pressure. My greatest obstacle has been to learn a new language and live in a society different from mine. I have had to overcome these obstacles and I am able to excel in a society such as the United Kingdom. I have been able to differentiate the differences and similarities as a Qatar citizen. As a person who is able to do outstanding tasks I have been taken seriously in my community and trusted that I will return to share the knowledge that I have obtained from your higher education institution. I come from a family of seven members. This has given me the strength to become a dedicated and responsible person for that which I become involved in. I am better than other applicants in that I have a great desire to achieve my goal and objectives in life. I will be able to perform excellent graduate coursework and research. This will place me in a position to join two

Friday, October 4, 2019

Drug Use at Workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Drug Use at Workplace - Essay Example Additionally, the "meth" epidemic really was not properly categorized at all. Actually, the issue is the use of stimulants, not so much crystal meth. Meth use takes a terrible toll on the mind and body of the user. The devastating physical effects of using this extremely addicting drug range from mildly debilitating to severely incapacitating and potentially lethal. Common side effects for using meth include facial disfigurement, rotting teeth (meth mouth), anorexia, body tremors, convulsions, high blood pressure, and seizures. But it is the destructive psychological and neurological effects on the addict that make meth an issue for the entire workplace. Even short-term meth use can cause severe mood swings, depression, paranoia, and emotional instability in the user, increasing the potential for violence in the workplace. Americans are working harder and longer, and now some people are turning to drugs for a quick boost--with dire consequences. Drugs in the workplace may not be a new phenomenon, but there's a new poison taking precedence: Workplace methamphetamine abuse rose 68 percent in 2003. Meth use and stimulus amphetamine injestion can cause serious damage to employees and the overall work environment. While high on meth, employees may think they're in control, but it's a false sense of security. Employees are not completely aware of their environment and are apt to have more on-the-job accidents. Signs of meth addiction include dizziness, irritability, sudden weight loss, inability to get along with co-workers or supervisors, and a possible tendency toward violence. b) What are the tangible benefits of resolving the problem Sadly, the article does not speak to solving the problem. Rather it readily admits that researchers haven't a clue as to how to treat meth addiction. My own independent research indicates the rampant effects of methamphetamine addiction at work. Clearly there are no tangible benefits to the employer. Tragically, it appears that the main benefit is to protect the workplace from the addict. 4) Describe and evaluate any solutions provided in the article. The article did not offer any solutions at all. It readily admits that there is a paucity of information available on how to treat this latest epidemic in the world of drug

Thursday, October 3, 2019

Reflective Independent Learning Essay Example for Free

Reflective Independent Learning Essay 1. A critical part of being an independent learner is reflecting on your learning. Go to the following link from the University of Hull and learn more on how to be a reflective learner: University of Hawaii Reflective Learning 2. Being an independent learner is a guiding principle for university learning and success. Clearly, learning independently is a complex activity that involves many things but crucially it requires the ability to take responsibility for and to reflect on your learning so that you can achieve the goals that you set for yourself. Find out more about what it means to be an independent learner and how you can improve in this area by going to the following link and reading this article from Hull University: Study Advice 1. Write a short paragraph answering the following questions: a) Describe several things that you have done or are doing at university that would be defined as independent learning. b) Being motivated, confident and reflective were highlighted in the article as key to independent learning. How do you rate yourself in these areas? c) Referring to the articles above, describe how you can improve your independent learning. One of the important things that I use and I define as independent learning is portfolios. I use them not only for all my classes but also for everything I take a picture of or draw or write or even tutorials that shows how to make things. I consider that very important because it helps me to remember everything I did and I liked, so every time I take my portfolio and browse it, I remember all the good and positive things I did and that make me happy. In my opinion, motivation, confidence, and reflection are the fundamental keys to be an efficient independent learner because they give energy that make you feel that you want to do something that you like. And when you do something you like it gives you motivation and confidence. It‘s a kind of cycle that never ends. And personally I think those three elements are what keep artists doing the good work. In my case I use normal portfolios, but the negative thing about that is that a certain time I will end up having many portfolios which will take a lot of space.

Cadbury Business Analysis

Cadbury Business Analysis Cadbury, a brand well known and loved by millions around the world, had a very humble beginning. It began with the opening of a grocers shop in Ball Street, Birmingham in the year 1824 by John Cadbury. This grew to become the most recognisable brands in the world. In most parts of the world just the word Cadbury symbolises chocolate. John who as a young Quaker was against alcohol sold tea, coffee, cocoa and drinking chocolate at his shop at the beginning, later he started producing cocoa and chocolate. After few years his brother Benjamin joined and later they got a Warrant as manufacturers of chocolate and cocoa to Queen Victoria. Later when John Cadbury retired his sons Richard and George took over the company. They thought the company could not survive in the dirty conditions of the city and were egger to move it out of Birmingham, they setup a factory 4 miles from the city and had a concept in mind which was factory in garden, to provide hygienic working environment for their emp loyees, the factory had opened in the year 1879. The Cadbury brothers had named it Bournville. There was a rapid increase in the work force of the company by late 1880s and the factory was expanded. The first ever Cadbury chocolate bar was launched in the year 1897 and their famous brand Cadburys Dairy milk began in the year 1905. By the end of the 1930s Cadbury had become the 24th largest manufacturing firm in the Britain. The Cadbury brothers believed that all human beings should live in peace and should be treated properly, which lead to the building of houses, schools and many other things for the community for which the Bournville Village Trust was set up George Cadbury. Then in the year 1969 the Cadbury brand merged with Schweppes to form Cadbury Schweppes, after this merger there was no owner from the Cadbury family till date. In the year 2008 Cadbury and Schweppes were demerged separating its confectionary and drinks business. Recently on February 2, 2010, Cadbury became part of Kraft Foods, the American giant in confectionery, food, and beverage. Source: (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/8467489.stm, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/8411696.stm). 2. Micro Environment:  SWOT Analysis 2.1 SWOT: A SWOT analysis allows managers to focus clearly on the meaningful strengths (S) and weaknesses (W) in the firms internal environment and opportunities (O) and threats coming from outside the firm, the external environment. A SWOT analysis enables a firm to develop strategies that make use of what the firm does best in seizing opportunities for growth while at the same time avoiding external threats that might hurt the firms sales and profits. So below I have done I SWOT analysis of Cadbury (Solomon, Marshall, Stuart, Barnes, Mitchell Marketing Real people, Real decisions, First European Edition Page 66). Strengths Cadbury is worlds top most chocolate provider which has international reputation. Cadbury is well know and easily identifiable brand among. Cadbury is well known force in marketing and distribution strategies that is one of the reasons for it being the world leaders of chocolate industry. Users are assured about the qualities of the brand. The strength of Cadbury lies in Dairy milk. Which is the most sold chocolate in Indi Cadbury has adjusted itself to all the custom around the world according to the market. Cadbury is a leader in innovation and has established brand name, and has strong competence in manufacturing. Cadbury has a advantage as it has understanding of consumer in the segment of chocolate, candy and chewing gum. With 9.9% of global market share Cadbury is the largest confectionery in the world. Weaknesses The competitors of Cadbury e.g. Nestle  have a very diverse product portfolio, where as it only depend on the confectionery and beverage market, where as its competitors can use profits from other areas of the business. Cadbury doesnt have great international experience like its other competitors; it has traditionally been strong in United Kingdom Europe only. New to America, it possibly lacks the understanding of the new emerging markets compared to competitors. Threats Worldwide there has been an increase in demand for cost environment, particularly for energy, packaging, sugar and transport. Global supply chain in low cost locations. There is competitive pressure from other brands in the market, nationally and globally. Over aggressive promotion and price activity by its competitors there is a possible price war in all developed markets. Social concerns, rise in obesity and consumers obsession with calorie count. Nutritional and healthier lifestyles is very much affecting demand for core products of Cadbury. Opportunities The opportunities lie in new markets, i.e. developing countries and emerging markets like China, Russia, India and other Asian countries where populations are growing, the wealth of consumer is increasing and there is a high demand for confectionery products. The market of confectionery highly characterized by a degree of acquisition and merger activity in recent past. There are opportunities to increase the share through specific acquisitions. The main key for survival in the Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) market is increasing efficiency and cost reduction. Cadburys Fuel in Growth  and cost efficiency of programmes seeks to bring huge cost savings by, Moving production to countries with low costs, where the raw materials required and labour cost is cheaper, reduce internal costs and use supply chain efficiently, global out sourcing and procurement, and wise investment in Research Development. Innovation is the most important and key driver in any kind of market. To respond to variety in consumer preferences and tastes like healthier snacks with low calories needs to be developed. There should be more of sugar-free products in the Cadburys premium indulgence treats like its center filled chewing gum varieties. There is a high demand for low-fat, natural and organic confectionery. 2.2 Porters Five Forces Analysis Supplier Power   The Cadbury Company has got many contracted suppliers that are able to support their on-going production operations. There is an existing competition in the market, for the raw materials such as nuts or special ingredients but still it is sufficient enough to satisfy their production requirements. Cadbury has maintained a very good relationship with their supplier which is considered as a very good an advantage. Barriers to Entry   Cadbury is already very popularly and widely known, it can easily earn the trust of the countries. The only and the main hindrance that might affect the production of the Cadbury is to find a good positioning and gather the necessary requirements for the smooth entry and running of the factory and the foreign policy and laws that might affect the operation. Power of Buyer   The demands for chocolates have gone down because of the existence of health conscious. The price of the product is no longer subjected on the demand of the people but is now subjected to the increasing number of competitors in the market that offers the similar type of products at a much lower cost might be the cause of the customer loyalty alteration. Rivalries   There are many competitors in the business who are planning to take over the supremacy of the company that has been kept for years. The difference in the choice of the customers depends on their taste and preferences. And in the recent past, companies like Nestle in this market are continuously developing their new products or innovating new ideas making it harder to compete. Threats for Substitutes   There is not much of a threat which comes from other competitors, because of the well established brand name in the market created by the company. Through their huge level of equity, the brand name of Cadbury is transformed into three different classes that makes more effectiveness in the market. 3 .Macro Environment: PEST Analysis Political: The Company has a strong advantage as it is very senior in confectionery business. With this advantage the company to manage to adjust in every country around the globe. Another advantage is the seniority of the management which enables the new foreign country to also welcome the companys existence in their market because of its good competence in the market. Economic: Without any doubt Cadbury is making a huge contribution in United Kingdom as well as in the economies of the other foreign countries where it operates. The number of sweet lovers around the world is very high which ranges from all sections of the society, the company has label to its name as the best choice available in the market for sweet loving consumers around the world. The economic downturn is another contradicting factor that is affecting all confectionery companies. Social: People have sweets after every meal so the impact of this business on the society is really great. Therefore, many of the individuals can enjoy the happiness it brings inside the house. And in some other cases many people turn down the idea of eating chocolates because of many health related problems like obesity, stomach infections and dental problems i.e. cavity and gum weaknesses. When it comes to valuing of the people, Cadbury highly recognizes the rights of the workforce and has been valuing the ideas they might like to contribute for their progress. Providing hygienic and excellent work conditions for its work force has been one the top most aims of the company from the beginning of the company, it can be clearly seen in the factory in garden concept of their Birmingham plant which opened in the late 19th century. Technology   Cadbury has always been a company who recognises the traditional crafting of chocolates, but also knows the importance of technology in the line of production and in the industry. From the production line, Cadbury has incorporated into various types of machinery that make their production to be a very cost-efficient procedure. 4. Cadburys Marketing Mix Product: A product is a good, service, an idea or a place- whatever is offered for sale in exchange. The product aspect of marketing also includes the packaging, physical features, design and any other associated services. So we know that a product is a many different elements put together for the success of the product (Solomon, et al Marketing Real people, Real decisions, First European Edition Page 37). In case of Cadbury there are a range of products from chocolate bars, cakes and biscuits, drinks, ice-cream and boxes, bags and tins of chocolates. To be more specific in the chocolate bars they provide from their classics like Dairy Milk, Bournville to the new products like Crunchie, Twirl, Wispa, Twisted, Flake, Boost, Chomp, Double Decker and one of its latest products launched in the year 2010 called the Silk. There product is mainly targeted towards the young population of the market. Source: (http://cadbury.co.uk/ourproducts/today/Pages/jsversion.aspx) Price: Price is amount the consumer must give to receive an offering. Price is used as a way to increase consumers interest in a particular product, for example to put an item on sale (Solomon, et al Marketing Real people, Real decisions, First European Edition Page 37). Cadbury offers a range of chocolate bars and other products from the price range on 55p to  £3. During Christmas it has special range of gift pack items which are available in packs of  £18,  £21.50,  £35 and  £50. Whereas the competitors in market have lower rates but Cadburys customers are assured of its quality. Source: (http://www.sainsburys.co.uk/sol/index.jsp, http://cadbury.co.uk/home/Pages/home.aspx) Promotion: Promotional activities include what the marketers have undertaken to inform consumers of their product and to get new customers to buy these projects. There are many promotional activities which are run by Cadbury like the 2 for 1 offer and during the holidays they special gift packages which can be used for Christmas and New Year. Its been in promotion from the early 1900s when it used to use posters by famous artist. Cadbury Dairy Milk poster campaigns used the iconic glass and half image to stress its high milk content. And in 50s it showed the Bournville Story in cinema halls. And during the TV age there was huge adverts with comic characters Mel Smith and Peter Cook. The Cadbury Gorilla ad premiered, immediately becoming one of the most popular and critically acclaimed TV ads of recent years.Source: (http://cadbury.co.uk/cadburyandchocolate/ourstory/advertising/Pages/advertising.aspx) Place: There is no use having a great product if the target customer cannot easily access it. This is where the place part of the marketing mix is important. Cadbury needs to find the most cost-effective  channel of distribution  to get their main products to their target customers. The nature of the product and its target audience will influence the places at which a company wishes to sell its products. As Cadburys product is low-priced, i.e. a chocolate bar and other chocolates, it uses intensive distribution by getting their product into as many retail shops and outlets as possible Source: (http://www.skillsspace.co.uk/business_studies/14to16/marketing/place.asp). 5. The Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning Strategy Cadbury: a. Segmentation: Cadburys market place is comprised of many different segments of consumers, each with different wants and needs. It can be categorised into four segments i.e. Break Segment: The products which are consumed as snatched break and normally consumed with tea or coffee, for instance Cadburys Time out and snack range. Impulse Segment: Most of these products are just purchased on impulse, for consuming at the time on purchase only; they include Twirl, Star Bar, Crunchie and Dairy Milk. Take Home Segment: These are the products which are purchased in a purchased in a super market and stored at home for later consumption, like Cocoa powder and hot chocolate. Gift Segment: Specially packed boxes of a variety of Cadbury chocolates, for the purpose of giving as a gift on occasion like Birthday, New Year or Christmas. b. Targeting: Targeting is a step in which marketers evaluate the attractiveness of each potential segment and decide which of these groups they will invest resources against to try to turn them into customers (Solomon, et al Marketing Real people, Real decisions, First European Edition Page 222). .Cadbury has many targeted markets around the world. The female population makes up more than Indian population in any country. This is a large customer base for the products. The main aim for targeting the female population is that it will be in a position to influence the rest of the population to purchase the product. The female population is the largest consumer of chocolate product not only in the United Kingdom market but in other markets as well. The other targeted market is that of the kids segment which also comprises of most of the sales of chocolate in any part of the world. c. Positioning: Positioning means developing marketing strategy aimed at influencing how a particular market segment perceives a good in comparison to the competition (Solomon, et al Marketing Real people, Real decisions, First European Edition Page 227). 6. Recommendations: Cadbury should increase Marketing and  promotion  globally by marketing new and different products in emerging markets. It should focus on non-chocolate development and acquisitions by developing a new line of non-chocolate candies. Development of novelty and specialty markets like Gourmet Line on Internet, by developing gourmet line that is to be distributed via internet. Aggressive new product should be development like low calories, sugar free chocolates. This has to be done by researching and developing new products with joint venture. It should concentrate more on the American markets as it has high revenue in this particular industry and Cadbury doesnt have any strong roots, it is mostly dominated by Hersheys. It should also develop new products for the kids segment, which now days is a very huge market.

Wednesday, October 2, 2019

The Assassination of President McKinley :: American America History

The Assassination of President McKinley In Cleveland, Ohio, on May 6, Emma Goldman, "The Anarchist," gave a speech. She outlined the principles and methods of anarchy in this beautiful speech, where she said, "We ... desire complete individual liberty, and this can never be obtained as long as there is an existing government." Toward the end of her speech, Goldman said that most Anarchists were not violent; she added that she believed in their motives, since some people are unable to act without force. All the while, police were ready to arrest her if she said anything too radical. The entire time, Leon Czolgosz was the most supportive of anyone in the audience (Berkeley 1). On September 5, 1901, Leon Czolgosz entered the Pan-American exposition. He blended in with the crowd, and surveyed the security, grounds layout, and crowds. An enormous crowd was gathered to see President McKinley, and Leon pushed his way through the masses until he was close enough to hear the speech. Leon pushed his way through the crowd, determined to get close enough to shoot the President. A security guard blocked his chance, and the President was escorted away (Assassin Arrived... 1). The next day, Leon and McKinley returned to the exposition. In the afternoon, the President began shaking hands with people lined up by the Temple door. Near the end of this line, Leon waited patiently. His hand was wrapped in a handkerchief, which he held close to his chest, but no one seemed to notice. When the President reached him, Leon extended his left hand, pressed it against the President's chest, and shot him twice with the gun he held under his handkerchief (Secret Service Guard...1). He did not have a chance to fire again, because a black man - next in line to shake the President's hand - had already tackled him. In seconds, more than a dozen men had tackled him and were beating him up. At the same time, Secret Service officers and exposition police seized Leon and tore the gun from his hands. US Artillery soldiers beat Leon after this. McKinley, in the middle of this panic, is reported to have said, "Go easy on him, boys" (Assassination of... 2). When news of the attack spread, the thousands in attendance began a riot; some shoved their way into the temple, trying to see if the rumor was true, while others demanded that Leon be hanged.

Tuesday, October 1, 2019

Stress in Athletics Essay examples -- Sports Athletics Athletes Teams

Stress in Athletics In the Journal article by Mark H. Anshel, entitled Qualitative Validation of a Model For Coping With Acute Stress In Sports. Explains how stress affects athletes, and how they can go about to deal with the problem, or cope with the problem. The author breaks this down into four categories. First, they want to perceive a stimulus or experiencing an event, secondly, appraising that event as stressful, thirdly, using either approach or avoidance coping strategies each consisting of either cognitive or behavioral strategies, and finally enacting post-coping activity that consists of either remaining on task, reappraising the stressful situation, examining the effectiveness of the coping strategy, or disengaging from further sport participation. Stress itself is a widely studied characteristic; it is defined as an interaction between an individual and the surrounding environment. Most research on stress is just new, but has been a topic for the last 20 years. But most new studies on stress have to deal more with the coping process. â€Å"Coping is the person’s conscious attempt at reducing or managing the demands of a stressful event or expanding the person’s resources to deal with the event (Anshel, 2001).† Previous research by Gottlieb (1997) explained â€Å"how coping strategies related to acute forms of stress differ from chronic stress, and that many contexts of chronic stress do not end themselves to an event-centered strategy of measuring coping (pg...

Assignment – the Sexual Response Cycle

The sexual response cycle is the term used to describe the changes that occur in the body when men and women become sexually aroused. There are four stages or phases. The sexual response cycle consists of vasocongestion and myotonia. Vasocongestion causes erection in the male and swelling of the area surrounding the vaginal opening. As blood vessels dilate the testes, nipples and earlobes swell. Muscle tension is called myotonia. It consists of facial grimaces, spasms in the hands and feet, and spasms of orgasm. During the excitement phase vasocongestion can cause an erection in young men in as little as 3 to 8 seconds after sexual stimulation starts. The testes become larger and elevated, and the scrotal skin also thickens making it less baggy. For the female during the excitement phase vaginal lubrication can start 10 to 30 seconds after sexual stimulation begins. Vasocongestion causes the clitoris to swell and flattens and spreads the vaginal lips. The breast become bigger and blood vessels nearer the surface are more visible. The inner two-thirds of the vagina expands. The vaginal walls thicken and turn a deeper color. The woman’s skin can take on a rosy sex flush. The commonalities for both men and women during the excitement phase are that their nipples can become erect. Their heart rate and blood pressure increase. Muscle tension also increases. Although the skin can take on a rosy flush for both it is more common for women. In the plateau phase sexual arousal remains somewhat stable. Men show some increase in the circumference of the head of the penis and it takes on a purplish hue due to vasocongestion. The testes become elevated and positioned for ejaculation. The penis may become one and a half times its arousal size. The penis may release drops of semen from the opening before ejaculation. During the plateau phase for women the outer part of their vagina swells due to vasocongestion. This contracts the vaginal opening in preparation for grasping the penis. Then inner part of the vagina expands more as well. The clitoris withdraws beneath the clitoral hood and shortens. The uterus increases in size and elevates. For both men and women during the plateau phase their breath becomes more rapid, like panting. Their heart rate can increase up to 100 to 160 beats per minute. Their blood pressure rises continually. Vasocongestion continues to increase. For men during the orgasmic phase there are two stages of muscular contractions. During the first stage semen collects at the base of the penis. Urine is prevented from mixing with the semen by the internal sphincter of the urinary bladder. There are sensations of impending ejaculation that occur 2 to 3 seconds before the ejaculatory reflex. During the second stage semen is propelled out of the body by muscle contractions. The most intense contractions are normally the first 3 to 4 and come in 0. 8- second intervals. This equates to roughly 5 contractions every 4 seconds. There can be 3 to 4 more contractions that come much slower. This varies from one man to another. For the women during this phase the orgasm is manifested by 3 to 15 contractions of the pelvic muscles that surround the vaginal barrel. The first contractions occur at 0. 8- second intervals. Weaker and slower contractions follow. Both men and women experience the release of sexual tension during the orgasmic phase. These things happen automatically in response to sufficient sexual stimulation. This produces intense feelings of pleasure. The man’s erection, the woman’s vaginal lubrication and their respective orgasm are all reflexes. Their heart rate and blood pressure reach its peak. The heart may beat up to 180 times per minute. Their respirations may increase to 40 breaths per minute. In men the resolution phase consist of blood being released from the engorged areas after ejaculation. This causes the erection to go away. The testes become their normal size again. During the resolution phase women also release blood from engorged areas. The nipples become their normal size. The clitoris and vaginal barrel eventually shrink to their unaroused size. Both men and women experience decreased blood pressure and heart rates. Their breathing becomes more normal as before arousal. They may both feel more relaxed and satisfied. After ejaculation men experience a refractory period where they cannot have another orgasm or ejaculate. In adolescent males the refractory period may last only minutes. For men aged 50 and above this period may last from several minutes to a day. Women do not experience a refractory period. They can become aroused again quickly. They may experience multiple orgasm if continued sexual stimulation is provided. Hypoactive sexual desire disorder is a sexual dysfunction characterized by lack of interest in sexual activity. Female sexual arousal disorder is characterized by difficulty in becoming sexually aroused. The may not be sufficient vaginal lubrication or sustainable arousal to engage in satisfying sexual relations. Male erectile disorder is characterized by repeated difficulty becoming sexually aroused therefore resulting in failure to achieve or sustain and erection Orgasmic disorder is when one has difficulty reaching orgasm even though they have become adequately aroused. Premature ejaculation is rapid ejaculation that occurs with minimal sexual stimulation. Sexual dysfunctions are often treated with sex therapy. This treatment refers to a relatively brief and direct form of psychological treatment that incorporates cognitive and behavioral components. There are several methods that are used. Reducing performance anxiety. Clients engage in activities like massage or petting under â€Å"nondemand† circumstance for a time to reduce performance anxiety. There is to be no sexual arousal or intercourse at first. Decreased anxiety allows natural reflexes such as erection, lubrication and orgasm to occur. Changing Self-defeating attitudes and expectations. Clients are shown that anxiety levels are raised when expectations of failure are raised thus become reality. Teaching sexual skills. If premature ejaculation is present the client may be shown how to delay ejaculation with the stop-and-go-method. This allows the man to better gauge the level of stimulation that triggers ejaculatory reflex. Enhancing sexual knowledge. Some clients are misinformed or have no knowledge about biological and sexual functioning. Improving sexual communication. Couples are taught ways of showing their partner what they do and do not like. Biological treatments are sometimes used for specific sexual dysfunctions. The drug Viagra helps men attain erection by relaxing the muscles surrounding the blood vessels in the penis. This allows more blood to flow in and the erection to harden. Viagra does not seem to be effective in treating female sexual dysfunction. There are continued efforts to find a pill that will assist females as well.